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Jacob's Well (Texas)
Jacob's Well is a perennial karstic spring in the Texas Hill Country flowing from the bed of Cypress Creek, located northwest of Wimberley, Texas.〔Dedden, John Eric. "The Hydrology and Biology of Cypress Creek (Hays County), a Subtropical Karstic Stream in South Central Texas." Texas State University-San Marcos. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/bioltad/14/〕〔"Horseback Magazine Online." "Iconic Jacob’s Well Saved From Development in Texas." December 21, 2010. http://horsebackmagazine.com/hb/archives/5481〕 The diameter mouth of the spring serves as a popular swimming spot for the local land owners whose properties adjoin Cypress Creek. From the opening in the creek bed, Jacob's Well cave descends vertically for about , then continues downward at an angle through a series of silted chambers separated by narrow restrictions, finally reaching an average depth of . Until the modern era, the Trinity Aquifer-fed natural artesian spring gushed water from the mouth of the cave, with a measured flow in 1924 of , discharging into the air. The spring is the greatest source of water recharging the Edwards Aquifer.〔Dedden, John Eric. "The Hydrology and Biology of Cypress Creek (Hays County), a Subtropical Karstic Stream in South Central Texas." Texas State University-San Marcos. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/bioltad/14/〕〔"Bond, Louie. "The Fatal Allure of JACOB'S WELL." 2001. http://www.visitwimberley.com/jacobswell/index.shtml〕
Due to development in the area, the level of the Trinity Aquifer has dropped affecting the flow of water through Jacob's Well. In the modern era, what remains visible of the spring is a faint ripple on the surface of Cypress Creek. The spring ceased flowing for the first time in recorded history in 2000, again ceasing to flow in 2008.〔"Jacob's Well Stops Flowing."http://www.texaswatermatters.org/pdfs/news_542.pdf〕 This resulted in now ongoing measures to address local water conservation and quality. Hays County purchased of land around Jacob's Well in 2010, in an attempt to protect the spring from development. An additional thirty-one acres was transferred to the county from the neighboring Jacob’s Well Natural Area (administered by the Wimberley Valley Watershed Association (WVWA)), the new, eighty-acre (32 hectares) named the Westridge Tract.〔Price, Asher. "50 acres added to Jacob's Well." "Austin American Statesman." December 20, 2010. http://www.statesman.com/news/local/50-acres-added-to-jacobs-well-1136793.html〕〔"Horseback Magazine Online." "Iconic Jacob’s Well Saved From Development in Texas." December 21, 2010. http://horsebackmagazine.com/hb/archives/5481〕
The system has been explored and mapped by cave divers of the (Jacob's Well Exploration Project ) and has been shown to consist of two principal conduits. One passageway measures approximately from the surface and a secondary one extends approximately in length from the point where it diverges from the main conduit.〔Jacob's Well Exploration Project, 2013〕 The cave is also an attraction for open-water divers inexperienced with the specialized techniques and equipment used in cave diving and has resulted in eight fatalities at this site.〔Bond, Louie. "Visit Wimberley." "The Fatal Allure of JACOB'S WELL." 2001. http://www.visitwimberley.com/jacobswell/index.shtml〕
== References ==
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